四原子氮有机胺三乙烯四胺吸收CO2的研究

在常压下,采用搅拌式反应器对三乙烯四胺(简写为TETA)吸收CO2进行了研究.测定了不同温度下,不同浓度的TETA对CO2的吸收情况,并与常用的醇胺吸收剂一乙醇胺(简写为MEA)、二乙醇胺(简写为DEA)、三乙醇胺(简写为TEA)的吸收效果作了比较;同时研究了TETA-有机胺-水三元混合体系对CO2 的吸收情况,结果表明:TEA-TEA-H2O对CO2 的吸收效果最好,且TETA/TEA=1/1时,吸收量最大,吸收速率最快.     

空心微珠表面改性在水处理中的应用

空心微珠具有良好的理化性能和高附加值,经表面改性后应用更加广泛。空心微珠在水处理方面的研究涉及造纸废水、制革废水、焦化废水、印染废水、重金属废水、农药废水、石油污染等,其作用原理包括吸附作用,絮凝作用,光催化作用三大方面。空心微珠表面改性的工艺以化学镀法的应用相对较多。采用不同物质对其进行表面活化,利用不同的催化剂对微珠进行包覆改性,并将其对用于各种水体污染的治理,已经取得了可喜的成果。     

AS法制浆废液改性减水剂实验研究

通过实验，对AS法麦草、芦苇造纸制浆废液加入Ba(OH)2溶液和吐温-80进行化学改性，制成木素磺酸盐为主要成份的混凝土减水剂，制得的减水剂的3项主要性能指标均达到以国家标准，它们在掺量3‰时净浆减水率为6%-8%，砂浆减水率为15%-16%，掺麦草、芦苇浆废液减水剂的砂浆3d抗压强度分别提高28%和30%，7d抗压强度分别提高18.6和26.4%。     

填料对废旧聚丙烯塑料改性性能的影响

通过对废旧聚丙烯塑料进行填充改性试验 ,研究了重质碳酸钙、超细重钙、滑石粉对废旧聚丙烯塑料进行改性后的塑料试样的抗拉强度、抗弯强度、断裂伸长率以及扫描电镜图像的影响 ,为填料的选用提供试验依据     

改性碳纳米管对Fe~(3+)的吸附研究

采用硝酸浸泡氧化方法改性碳纳米管,用于吸附水溶液中Fe3+的实验研究,用分光光度法进行测定。结果表明,改性碳纳米管吸附去除Fe3+效能较未改性的碳纳米管有显著的提高。通过对吸附数据的拟和,发现在所研究的温度范围内吸附等温线符合弗仑德利希(Freundlich)吸附等温式。     

纳米隔热涂料用纳米TiO2的表面改性研究

以硅烷偶联剂为改性剂，通过实验研究了纳米TiO2有机化表面改性的影响因素。结果表明，硅烷偶联剂用量为15%、二氯甲烷作为溶剂、改性时间为2h，改性后的纳米TiO2的表面由亲水性转变为亲油性，并能较好地分散于甲苯中，能满足纳米隔热涂料的制备。     

改性粉煤灰处理含阳离子表面活性剂废水的研究

以粉煤灰作为吸附剂 ,研究了含阳离子表面活性剂CTMAB为 2 0～ 12 0mg L的模拟废水去除CTMAB的一般规律。研究结果表明 ,以CaO为改性剂改性的粉煤灰对含阳离子表面活性剂废水具有良好的吸附性能 ,在含CTMAB浓度为 2 0～ 12 0mg L ,改性粉煤灰用量每 2 0 0mL为 2 0～ 2 5g,粒径范围 2 0 0～ 180目 ,pH为 12～ 13的实验条件下 ,CTMAB的去除率最高可达 98%以上     

The Response of Avian Feeding Guilds to Tropical Forest Disturbance

Abstract:  Anthropogenic habitat disturbance is a major threat to tropical forests and understanding the ecological consequences of this disturbance is crucial for the conservation of biodiversity. There have been many attempts to determine the ecological traits associated with bird species' vulnerability to disturbance, but no attempt has been made to synthesize these studies to show consensus. We analyzed data from 57 published studies (covering 1214 bird species) that investigated the response of tropical bird assemblages to moderate forest disturbance (e.g., selective logging). Our results show that the mean abundance of species from six commonly reported feeding guilds responded differently to disturbance and that species' ecological traits (body size, local population size, and geographic range size) and evolutionary relationships may influence responses in some guilds. Granivore abundance increased significantly and insectivore and frugivore abundance decreased significantly following disturbance. These general conclusions were robust to the effects of ecological traits and phylogeny. Responses of carnivores, nectarivores, and omnivores were less clear, but analyses that accounted for phylogeny indicated that these guilds declined following disturbance. In contrast to the other guilds, the reported responses of carnivores and nectarivores differed among regions (Asia vs. Neotropics) and were influenced by the sampling protocols used in different studies (e.g., time since disturbance), which may explain the difficulty in detecting general responses to disturbance in these guilds. Overall, general patterns governed the responses of species to habitat disturbance, and the differential responses of guilds suggested that disturbance affects trophic organization and thus ecosystem functioning.     

Chemical mimicry of cuticular hydrocarbons – how does Eremostibes opacus gain access to breeding burrows of its host Parastizopus armaticeps (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)?

Summary. Breeding burrows of Parastizopus armaticeps armaticeps, a fossorial desert tenebrionid beetle, are cleptoparasitised by the closely related Eremostibes opacus. Gas chromatographic analyses show a high congruity of the cuticular hydrocarbons of both species. We compare these hydrocarbon patterns with those of four other Stizopina species and the Scaurini Herpiscius sommeri. In a bioassay, dummies treated with cuticular hydrocarbon extracts of E. opacus and the P. a. bifidus parasite E. bushmanicus were mostly ignored by P. a. armaticeps, whereas dummies with applied extracts of the remaining species were heavily attacked. We show that there is a correlation between agonistic behaviour of P. a. armaticeps towards the intruder and the chemical similarity of the cuticular hydrocarbons of the two species. Furthermore, we produced quantitatively modified hydrocarbon patterns of E. barbatus by changing the temperature at which this species was kept. The new 30 °C type was chemically similar to E. opacus, and was frequently ignored by P. a. armaticeps, whereas a reduction of the temperature to 20 °C only had minor effects on the hydrocarbon pattern. Furthermore, we show that the addition of one single component, heptacosane, to the cuticular hydrocarbon extract of E. opacus alters the host’s reaction. We discuss the role of cuticular hydrocarbons for the recognition of this host-parasite system and the relevance of quantitative characters in the hydrocarbon pattern for the discrimination of the host.     

岩豆凝集素分子中色氨酸残基的化学修饰及其荧光光谱研究

从岩豆（Ｍｉｌｌｅｔｔｉａ ｄｉｅｌｓｉａｎａ Ｈａｒｍｓ ｅｘ Ｄｉｅｌｓ）种妇中分离纯化得到的岩豆凝集素（简称ＭＤＬ）经链霉蛋白酶水解,测得其分子中含有４个色氨酸（Ｔｒｐ）残基。用Ｎ－溴代丁二酰亚胺（ＮＢＳ）对ＭＤＬ分子中的色氨酸残基进行化学修饰,在无变性剂存在下有３．６个Ｔｒｐ残基被修饰,在变性条件下可修饰３．８个Ｔｒｐ残基。修饰后ＭＤＬ活性均丧失,且甘露糖对ＭＤＬ活性雎有保护作用。表明Ｔｒ